Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a relatively new technique for accessing the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Here, we report the preliminary findings of the transoral appr
objective of this research was to develop a tool interface that is capable of providing force feedback for the Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skills Trainer (VBLaST), a virtual version of the Fundamental
cancer is estimated to be the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the US, with the cost of colorectal cancer treatment reaching $8.4 billion annually. Though colonoscopy is the current st
trainer (VT) and Virtual reality (VR) simulators are becoming increasingly popular tools for the training of laparoscopic surgeons. However, the most effective way to use these tools is still not cle
SAGES2009, we reported a new surgical system that replaces carbon dioxide gas into isotonic water in laparoscopic surgery (WaFLES). The method is reported to be advantageous in RFA to the liver tumor