Emeka Ray-Offor, MBBSFWACSFMASDMAS1, Ipalibo S Wokoma2, G Gbanador, FACS3, A E Ihekwaba2. 1University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital/Oak Endoscopy Centre Port Harcourt Nigeria, 2Dept of Internal Medicine University of Port Harcourt teaching Hospital Nigeria, 3Shawsand Medical Center Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria
Introduction
Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) is the gold standard for investigating disease conditions of the upper digestive tract.There is geographic distribution of pathologies even in a country;accurate data is the bane of development strategies more so for developing countries.This collaborative study between gastro-intestinal surgeons and gastroenterologists is designed to update the existing data in our environment.
Aims
To formulate a regional endoscopy registry for the purpose of studying differential diagnosis of upper gastro-intestinal pathologies and the outcome of endoscopic treatment, as a framework for enhancing the practice of endoscopy
Patients and method
A retrospective study was done of all OGDs performed in health facilities with functional endoscopy units in Port Harcourt metropolis,South-south Nigeria from January 2012 to September 2014.A questionaire was distributed to endoscopists practicing in Port Harcourt (2 General Surgeons and 3 Gastroenterologists) to complete relevant details of all the OGDs done during the study period and return forms via electronic mail.Data collected included:sociodemographics,indication for OGD, anaesthesia, endoscopic finding, histopathology report for biopsry specimen and outcome.Analysis was with SPSS version 20
Results
There were 219 OGDs performed during the study period.One hundred and four were males and 115 females with a male to female ratio of 1:1.The age range was from 5 to 82 years.Epigastric pain was the most common indication for OGD.The use of conscious sedation with local anaesthesia to pharyngeal mucosa was the routine practice.The most common endoscopic finding was gastritis.Mucosal biopsies were performed in 109(50%) cases with chronic gastritis the most common histopathology. Duodenum was intubated in 209(99.5%)cases.and interventions performed included injection sclerotherapy,variceal banding and fundoplication.
Conclusion
Epigastric pain is the leading indication for OGD with benign inflammatory gastric lesions especially in the antrum the most common endoscopic finding.The practice of OGD is safe and there is the need for more trained endoscopists.
Keywords
Upper gastrointestinal tract,oesophagogastroduodenoscopy