• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content

SAGES

Reimagining surgical care for a healthier world

  • Home
    • Search
    • SAGES Home
    • SAGES Foundation Home
  • About
    • Awards
    • Who Is SAGES?
    • Leadership
    • Our Mission
    • Advocacy
    • Committees
      • SAGES Board of Governors
      • Officers and Representatives of the Society
      • Committee Chairs and Co-Chairs
      • Committee Rosters
      • SAGES Past Presidents
  • Meetings
    • SAGES NBT Innovation Weekend
    • SAGES Annual Meeting
      • 2026 Scientific Session Call for Abstracts
      • 2026 Emerging Technology Call for Abstracts
    • CME Claim Form
    • SAGES Past, Present, Future, and Related Meeting Information
    • SAGES Related Meetings & Events Calendar
  • Join SAGES!
    • Membership Application
    • Membership Benefits
    • Membership Types
      • Requirements and Applications for Active Membership in SAGES
      • Requirements and Applications for Affiliate Membership in SAGES
      • Requirements and Applications for Associate Active Membership in SAGES
      • Requirements and Applications for Candidate Membership in SAGES
      • Requirements and Applications for International Membership in SAGES
      • Requirements for Medical Student Membership
    • Member Spotlight
    • Give the Gift of SAGES Membership
  • Patients
    • Join the SAGES Patient Partner Network (PPN)
    • Patient Information Brochures
    • Healthy Sooner – Patient Information for Minimally Invasive Surgery
    • Choosing Wisely – An Initiative of the ABIM Foundation
    • All in the Recovery: Colorectal Cancer Alliance
    • Find A SAGES Surgeon
  • Publications
    • Sustainability in Surgical Practice
    • SAGES Stories Podcast
    • SAGES Clinical / Practice / Training Guidelines, Statements, and Standards of Practice
    • Patient Information Brochures
    • Patient Information From SAGES
    • TAVAC – Technology and Value Assessments
    • Surgical Endoscopy and Other Journal Information
    • SAGES Manuals
    • MesSAGES – The SAGES Newsletter
    • COVID-19 Archive
    • Troubleshooting Guides
  • Education
    • Wellness Resources – You Are Not Alone
    • Avoid Opiates After Surgery
    • SAGES Subscription Catalog
    • SAGES TV: Home of SAGES Surgical Videos
    • The SAGES Safe Cholecystectomy Program
    • Masters Program
    • Resident and Fellow Opportunities
      • SAGES Free Resident Webinar Series
      • Fluorescence-Guided Surgery Course for Fellows
      • Fellows’ Career Development Course
      • SAGES Robotics Residents and Fellows Courses
      • MIS Fellows Course
    • SAGES S.M.A.R.T. Enhanced Recovery Program
    • SAGES @ Cine-Med Products
      • SAGES Top 21 Minimally Invasive Procedures Every Practicing Surgeon Should Know
      • SAGES Pearls Step-by-Step
      • SAGES Flexible Endoscopy 101
    • SAGES OR SAFETY Video Activity
  • Opportunities
    • Fellowship Recognition Opportunities
    • SAGES Advanced Flexible Endoscopy Area of Concentrated Training (ACT) SEAL
    • Multi-Society Foregut Fellowship Certification
    • Research Opportunities
    • FLS
    • FES
    • FUSE
    • Jobs Board
    • SAGES Go Global: Global Affairs and Humanitarian Efforts
  • Search
    • Search the SAGES Site
    • Guidelines Search
    • Video Search
    • Search Images
    • Search Abstracts
  • OWLS/FLS
  • Login

Advances in Virtual Reality Fls (fundamentals of Laparoscopic Skills)

Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the face and construct validity of VBLaST (Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skills Trainer), a virtual reality simulator version of Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS).
Methods: 31 subjects were categorized into 2 groups: 14 experts (PGY 5/fellows/faculty) & 17 novices (PGY 1-4). Subjects were randomized to perform 3 basic tasks (peg transfer, pattern cutting, and loop ligature) in both FLS box trainer and VBLaST haptics simulator. Questionnaire used a 5 point Likert scale to establish face validity and assess overall realism of tools and images, quality of force feedback, and the subjects’ ability to trust the simulator for performance measures. For construct validity, the FLS scoring system was utilized for both the FLS and VBLaST. Proctors calculated the FLS score, while software automatically scored for VBLaST tasks.
Results: For face validity, the quality of images were rated high (mean of 4.0), followed by realism of equipment (mean of 3.67). Quality of force feedback rating was at 2.64 and trust in the simulator at 2.83. Mann-Whitney U test between the 2 groups showed no significant difference of opinion between the expert and novice groups (p>0.51).
Construct validity scores from peg transfer and loop ligature tasks showed that VBLaST differentiated the 2 groups (p= 0.028). FLS did not differentiate between the 2 groups with just 2 tasks (p>0.2) but did when pattern cutting was included (p=0.004). VBLaST peg transfer alone was able to differentiate between the 2 groups (p=0.027).
Conclusions: Face validity scores demonstrated excellent image quality and overall realism. Higher fidelity is needed in force feedback quality to make this simulator acceptable as a scoring device. Construct validity results demonstrated that this VBLaST prototype is capable of differentiating between novices and experts but not at the fine resolution of FLS. Differences may be due to experts adapting more successfully to the VBLaST system. This is a significant first step towards a virtual reality FLS system.


Session: Poster

Program Number: P245

View Poster

264

Share this:

  • Click to share on X (Opens in new window) X
  • Click to share on X (Opens in new window) X
  • Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Facebook
  • Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) LinkedIn
  • Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) Pinterest
  • Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window) WhatsApp
  • Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) Reddit
  • Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window) Pocket
  • Click to share on Mastodon (Opens in new window) Mastodon

Related



  • Foundation
  • SAGES.TV
  • MyCME
  • Educational Activities

Copyright © 2025 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons